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Evaluate how pyrolysis temperature influences phosphorus release from fish scale biochar for sustainable agriculture.

February 19, 2026Chemical Engineering & Technology0 citationsOpen Access

Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Phosphorus Release From Fish Scale Biochar in Wheat Crop

GVGuilherme S. VitorUniversidade Federal de Lavras APAndressa PaivaUniversidade Federal de Lavras TBTúlio Pacheco BoaventuraUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Key Points

Evaluate how pyrolysis temperature influences phosphorus release from fish scale biochar for sustainable agriculture.
Characterization of biochar from fish scales produced at temperatures from 300°C to 600°C.
Analysis of phosphorus content using techniques like FTIR, SEM, and ICP-OES.
Assessment of phosphorus release kinetics fitted to mathematical models.
Greenhouse trials with wheat to assess fertilizer efficacy.
Increased pyrolysis temperature enhanced the availability of phosphorus.
The Korsmeyer–Peppas model effectively described phosphorus release, indicating a diffusion-controlled process.
Carbon content decreased as pyrolysis temperature increased.

Abstract

ABSTRACT The conversion of agroindustrial waste into functional materials supports sustainable process engineering by enabling controlled phosphorus (P) release to improve nutrient use efficiency and reduce environmental impacts. This study assesses biochar from fish scales as a sustainable P source. Biochars produced at temperatures between 300°C and 600°C were characterized by yield, PZC, TGA, FTIR, SEM, elemental analysis, and total/available P by ICP‐OES. Phosphorus release kinetics were fitted to mathematical models. Increased pyrolysis temperature enhanced available P. The Korsmeyer–Peppas model best described release, indicating diffusion‐controlled slow release. Carbon content decreased with higher pyrolysis temperature. Wheat greenhouse trials confirmed fertilizer efficacy. Fish scale biochar is a promising sustainable phosphate source for process‐oriented agricultural technologies.

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