There are many reports in which water cavitation is mentioned with the observation of excess energy, that is, the energy that arose with the violation of the law of conservation of energy. The reasons for the appearance of excess energy became clear in 2024, when an article by researchers from Taiwan appeared in an authoritative international journal, in which, based on experimental studies, it was established that water cavitation is accompanied by the appearance of new elements, which is possible only if water cavitation is accompanied by nuclear reactions. From the experimental conditions, it follows that nuclear energy is released under normal external conditions, in which there are no high temperatures, pressures, electric and magnetic fields. Therefore, there is reason to believe that nuclear energy is released in cavitation bubbles. However, there is no generally accepted information about the physical conditions in cavitation bubbles. Some clarity was brought by studies of cavitation bubbles arising from single-bubble sonoluminescence. It turned out that the cavitation bubble is not a void, as its name suggests, but a complex formation consisting of gases in which light circulates in all possible directions, causing the anomalous glow of the bubble. The bubble, like natural ball lightning, belongs to a special class of objects with anomalous properties, in which the cause of their anomalies is circulating light. The physical conditions created by circulating light were studied when analyzing the stability and anomalously long lifetime of circulating light in ball lightning. Assuming that these conditions are favorable for the implementation of nuclear reactions, a mechanism was proposed for the implementation of nuclear reactions at low temperatures without overcoming the Coulomb barrier. It turned out that the bubble not only extracts nuclear energy in thermal form but also converts this energy into potential or kinetic energy of water. Thus, the bubble is a nuclear reactor that performs the same functions as the main part of the nuclear equipment of modern nuclear power plants.
V. P. Torchigin (Mon,) studied this question.
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