Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between atherogenic indices and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to evaluate their potential for predicting cardiovascular risk.Materials and Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analysis included a total of 405 participants, comprising 205 individuals with T1DM and 200 healthy controls. Several atherogenic indices—namely the Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP), Castelli Risk Indices I and II (CRI-I and CRI-II), the Atherogenic Coefficient (AC), and non–high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHC)—were calculated and compared between the study groups. Cardiovascular risk stratification was performed based on AIP, and the diagnostic performance of the indices was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results: Patients with T1DM exhibited significantly higher AIP and NHC levels than controls, indicating a more atherogenic lipid profile (AIP: 0.25 ± 0.24 vs. 0.13 ± 0.19; NHC: 129.16 ± 40.32 vs. 116.91 ± 27.37 mg/dL). Among individuals at high AIP risk, triglyceride levels were markedly elevated and HDL-C levels were significantly reduced, accompanied by significant increases in CRI-I, CRI-II, AC, and NHC (TG: 140.36 ± 90.09 vs. 57.12 ± 13.23 mg/dL; HDL-C: 47.57 ± 10.76 vs. 59.70 ± 14.48 mg/dL). ROC analysis demonstrated moderate diagnostic accuracy for CRI-I and AC in the T1DM group (AUC = 0.774 for both).Conclusion: AIP and NHC are robust and reliable indicators of cardiovascular risk in individuals with T1DM, whereas CRI-I, CRI-II, and AC provide complementary information. Their simplicity, affordability, and prognostic value support their integration into routine clinical practice for early identification of at-risk individuals and guidance of preventive strategies.
Bulu et al. (Tue,) studied this question.