March 3, 2026Otolaryngology0 citationsOpen Access

Role of Epigenetics in the Pathogenesis of Acquired Cholesteatoma—A State of the Art Review

TBTripti BrarAlbert Einstein College of Medicine ACAshley CatanzariteAugusta University PAPriya AryaUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Key Points

Cholesteatoma pathogenesis is influenced by epigenetic changes, specifically involving DNA methylation and histone modifications.
Key targets like miRNA-21 offer insights into novel biomarkers, which could lead to more effective treatments.
The review highlights various biological pathways that may be dysregulated in cholesteatoma development.
Understanding these mechanisms could enable the creation of targeted pharmaceutical agents for better patient outcomes.

Abstract

Epigenetic changes may contribute to the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma through dysregulation of several biological pathways. Further studies identifying specific targets such as miRNA-21 and those investigating DNA methylation and histone modifications have the potential to develop biomarkers and targeted pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of cholesteatoma.

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