Since its inception, the term "Zomia" has evolved into a theoretical framework for analyzing peripheral societies at the margins of nation-states, sparking extensive debate within the fields of global anthropology and area studies. This article centers on the integration of Zomia theory with the regional history of Southeast Asia. It reviews pivotal scholarly works from both Chinese and international academia in recent years, structuring its analysis along three dimensions: intellectual origins, major research themes, and key debates. The paper outlines significant advancements, identifies existing limitations, and suggests potential avenues for future research. It argues that Zomia, understood as a methodological paradigm rather than a geographical demarcation, holds substantial significance for reinterpreting the history of highland ethnic groups in Southeast Asia, alongside processes of cross-border interaction and state formation.
Li Xinwei (Wed,) studied this question.