FE-KFormer: A keypoint-informed transformer model for quantifying the nonlinear cooling effects of urban green space

Key Points

• Keypoint-informed transformer model quantifies the nonlinear cooling effects of urban green spaces.
• Temperature reductions of up to 3.5°C were measured across a variety of urban settings to assess impact.
• Assessment using the keypoint-informed transformer model enabled better understanding of urban heat mitigation.
• Findings indicate a promising tool for climate adaptation strategies related to urban design and planning.