The Perception and Practices of Black African Subjects Toward Hemorrhoidal Disease: The Relevant Effects of Beliefs and Misconceptions in Cte dIvoire, West Africa

Alassan Kouame Mahassadi,1– 3 Hyacinthe Chepig Motcheyo,2 Dimitri Hatrydt Kouame,1– 3 Fulgence Mamert Yao-Bathaix1– 3 1Gastroenterology and Medicine Unit, Yopougon Teaching Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire; 2Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Abobo General Hospital, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire; 3Departement des maladies de l’appareil digestif, Faculty of Medicine, Felix Houphouët Boigny University, Abidjan, Côte d’IvoireCorrespondence: Alassan Kouame Mahassadi, Email mahassadi@gmail.comBackground: The perception of black African subjects toward hemorrhoidal disease is surrounded by myths and misconceptions in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to determine the magnitude of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of black African subjects toward hemorrhoidal disease and the impact of knowledge on their attitudes and practices.Methods: A cross-sectional KAP survey was conducted through convenience sampling of 735 participants (mean age, 38.8 years; men, 59.2%) from urban and rural areas in Côte d’Ivoire. They received an auto questionnaire of 25 items on Likert scales depicting their KAP toward hemorrhoidal disease. A mean score of KAP < 50 points was considered low. Logistic and linear regression models were used to determine the factors associated with self-reported hemorrhoidal disease and the impact of knowledge on attitudes and practices.Results: The overall Cronbach score was 0.75, and the sample proportions of self-reported or symptom-based hemorrhoidal disease were 44.4% (9% CI: 41– 48) and 21.2% 95% CI: 18.4– 24.4, respectively. The overall mean (SD) scores of KAP were low: 49 (34.4), 43.4 (18.7), and 33.6 (21.7), respectively. The attitudes and practices of the participants remained unchanged regardless of their knowledge. Hemorrhoidal disease was negatively associated with attitudes (beta = − 3.1, p = 0.02) or practices (beta = − 3.4, p < 0.05). Overall, the participants agreed that hemorrhoidal disease led to sexual dysfunction (85.2%) and infertility (67.1%). They preferred indigenous (52.4%) over modern treatments (30.2%) and perceived surgery for hemorrhoidal disease to be dangerous (24.4%) and not recommended (56.6%).Conclusion: Knowledge did not change the attitudes and practices of black African subjects toward hemorrhoidal disease.Keywords: hemorrhoidal disease, myths, misconception, sub-Saharan Africa