Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring infectious diseases in Rwanda. However, their effectiveness can vary significantly across different regions and time periods. A difference-in-differences (DiD) approach was employed to assess the impact of surveillance system improvements on disease incidence. Uncertainty in DiD estimates is addressed through robust standard errors. Initial results suggest that a specific intervention led to an estimated 15% reduction in reported cases, with a confidence interval indicating a plausible effect range from -20% to +30%. The DiD model provides a robust framework for cost-effectiveness analysis of public health surveillance systems in Rwanda. Future studies should consider additional variables and longitudinal data. Further research is recommended to validate findings, particularly in diverse settings and over extended time periods. Public Health Surveillance, Difference-in-Differences, Cost-Effectiveness Analysis, Intervention Evaluation Treatment effect was estimated with logit (pᵢ) =₀+^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.
Kizito Kanyonyire (Tue,) studied this question.