This study aims to explore the correlation between body composition and dyslipidemia in a health examination population. The study subjects were 376 individuals undergoing health examinations at community clinics (185 males and 191 females). Body composition parameters including fat mass, fat-free mass, body fat percentage, waist-to-hip ratio, visceral fat level, muscle mass, skeletal muscle mass, body mass index (BMI), and basal metabolic rate were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Dyslipidemia was diagnosed according to the “Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Adult Dyslipidemia (2016 Revision)”. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between body composition parameters and dyslipidemia. The dyslipidemia group showed significantly higher values than the normal lipid group in fat mass (23.12 ± 4.24 vs. 18.29 ± 4.35 kg), body fat percentage (27.28 ± 4.16 vs. 23.26 ± 4.28%), and visceral fat level (4.16 ± 1.13 vs. 2.15 ± 1.05) (all P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusted for age and sex, revealed that each 1-level increase in visceral fat level (adjusted OR = 1.22, 95%CI 1.15–1.30) and each 1% increase in body fat percentage (adjusted OR = 1.18, 95%CI 1.10–1.27) were positively associated with dyslipidemia risk, whereas muscle mass showed an independent inverse association (adjusted OR = 0.94, 95%CI 0.90–0.99). Stratified analysis indicated that visceral fat level remained a significant risk factor in both males (adjusted OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.16–1.35) and females (adjusted OR = 1.18, 95%CI 1.09–1.28), and exhibited superior predictive strength for elevated non-HDL-C in individuals with abdominal obesity (adjusted OR = 1.38, 95%CI 1.25–1.52). Visceral fat level and body fat percentage are independent risk factors for dyslipidemia, while muscle mass exhibits a protective effect. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) of body composition can provide important evidence for dyslipidemia risk assessment in health examinations.
Han et al. (Tue,) studied this question.