As global demands for nature reserve management intensify, intelligent monitoring has become a pivotal trend. Integrating artificial intelligence with infrared camera traps enables automated analysis of endangered species behavior, providing timely insights for conservation. However, complex habitats often degrade the performance of existing detection technologies. Focusing on the giant panda—a flagship conservation species—we constructed a novel dataset from long-term field monitoring videos and developed an improved PandaSlowFast network. Our model employs channel attention to enhance temporal features, uses small-kernel depth-wise convolutions and dilated convolutions to expand receptive fields for spatial feature extraction, and introduces the Adaptive SwisH activation function to improve adaptability and training stability. The results show that PandaSlowFast achieves 85.38% mean average precision (mAP), outperforming existing methods. An FP16-quantized version maintains comparable accuracy (85.16% mAP) while running at 3.2 frames per second on a Raspberry Pi 4, demonstrating practical deployability for on-site monitoring. This work provides technical support for intelligent panda behavior analysis and offers a transferable methodology for monitoring other rare species, contributing to biodiversity conservation.
Hou et al. (Tue,) studied this question.