What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to compare clinical refractive data obtained by three different examiners using standard procedures.

March 21, 2026

A Comparison of Clinical Refractive Data Obtained by Three Examiners

Key Points

The aim is to compare clinical refractive data obtained by three different examiners using standard procedures.
Collected refractive data on 32 subjects from three examiners.
Each examiner employed standard subjective refraction techniques.
Results assessed in terms of spherical equivalent refraction, spherical power, cylinder power, cylinder axis, and anisometropia.
Significant variations noted in refractive measurements among the three examiners.
Comparison with previous studies highlighted discrepancies with American Optical's SR III system.
Data indicated the importance of consistency in subjective refraction outcomes.

Abstract

Abstract Clinical refractive data were obtained on 32 subjects by each of three examiners, each examiner using standard subjective refraction procedures with an endpoint criterion of “maximum plus for best visual acuity.” The results of the three examiners were compared in terms of spherical equivalent refraction, spherical power, cylinder power, cylinder axis, and anisometropia. In addition, results were compared to those of previous studies involving both clinical refraction and the American Optical Corporation's SR III Subjective Refraction System.

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