In line with the Operator 5.0 vision of a resilient, human-centric workforce, this study presents a Virtual Reality (VR) training framework for reskilling and upskilling industrial operators in manual assembly tasks. The system is designed as a modular and immersive learning environment where users engage in hands-on procedural training using intuitive hand tracking and step-by-step guidance. The framework aims to reduce training time, improve task readiness, and enable safe, repeatable learning experiences without disrupting physical workflows. To explore the feasibility of the approach, the VR environment was validated using a standardized furniture assembly scenario based on the Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) Model Set as a reproducible testbed for training transfer. Preliminary results from pilot sessions suggest that users trained in VR were able to assemble physical furniture components more confidently and accurately. Although full experimental trials are pending, this exploratory work demonstrates the viability and educational potential of VR-based training for operator skill development. The proposed solution contributes a flexible, cost-effective strategy for immersive workforce training aligned with the principles of Industry 5.0.
Gonçalves et al. (Thu,) studied this question.