Furazolidone-associated drug-induced interstitial lung disease: A case report and literature review

Furazolidone is a nitrofuran antibiotic commonly used in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Although gastrointestinal symptoms are well-documented adverse effects, furazolidone-associated drug-induced interstitial lung disease is extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of a 54-year-old Chinese woman who developed fever, dry cough, and dyspnea on day 4 of furazolidone-containing quadruple therapy. Chest computed tomography revealed diffuse bilateral interlobular septal thickening and small pleural effusions. An extensive workup excluded other causes. The Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale score was 6, indicating a probable association with furazolidone. Discontinuation of the drug and initiation of glucocorticoid therapy resulted in rapid clinical and radiological improvement. This case highlights that furazolidone can cause drug-induced interstitial lung disease and that early recognition and intervention are crucial for a favorable outcome.