François Jacob (1920–2013), the last survivor of the trio that won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for “their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis” died on Friday, April 19, 2013 at the age of 92. On Wednesday, April 24, 2013 he was memorialized in a military ceremony at Les Invalides military monument in Paris. A visionary scientist and a humanist with an extraordinary perception of the workings of the scientific mind, he was one of the founders of molecular biology. His research at the Institut Pasteur in Paris dealt primarily with the genetic mechanisms in bacteria and bacteriophages and the biochemical effects of mutations. This article summarizes his life, career, and research, especially his Nobel-winning work.
Kauffman et al. (Fri,) studied this question.