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This determination of the size of material on the bed of a stream is based upon an analysis of the relative area covered by particles of given sizes. The method is applicable to those rivers which flow on coarse material and may be waded during periods of low water. Sampling consists of measuring the intermediate axis of 100 pebbles picked from the bed of the channel on the basis of a grid system. From this sample a frequency distribution is drawn from which the desired size parameters are read. The advantages of the areal sampling procedure over bulk sampling are (1) that it is applicable to very coarse materials, and (2) that it provides a more representative sample of an entire reach of a stream.
M. Gordon Wolman (Wed,) studied this question.