Background: Migraine is characterized by recurrent and intense headaches. Vitamin D deficiency has emerged as a noteworthy global public health issue. This study aimed to assess the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the parameters of headache attacks in females with migraine. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled female migraine patients in Tehran, Iran. Pain intensity was assessed using the 6-point behavioral rating scale. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured employing the ELISA technique. To explore potential associations between vitamin D status and migraine characteristics, statistical analyses were conducted to assess correlations with the intensity, frequency, and duration of headache attacks. Results: The study evaluated 138 female migraine patients (average age: 35.08±0.80 years). Around 49.3% of the participants had sufficient vitamin D levels, with a mean serum concentration of 35.54±1.92 ng/mL. The mean number of monthly migraine episodes was 6.95±2.63, with each attack lasting approximately 24.7±1.39 hours. A negative correlation was identified between pain intensity and both vitamin D levels (CC=-0.91, P<0.001) and age (CC=-0.16, P=0.05). Furthermore, elevated vitamin D levels were linked to reduced headache frequency (CC=-0.73, P=0.01), although no statistically significant correlation was observed with headache duration (P=0.48). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated a negative correlation between serum vitamin D levels and the intensity and frequency of headaches in female migraine patients. However, further investigations are needed to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of vitamin D in mitigating the severity of migraine disease.
Shahramivard et al. (Wed,) studied this question.