What question did this study set out to answer?

This study aims to determine morbidity patterns, short-term outcomes, and mortality determinants in hospitalized male and female medical patients in Nigeria.

April 4, 2026Open Access

Insights into the Morbidities and Short-term outcomes of Hospitalised Male and Female Medical Patients in Nigeria: the MOHOPA study.

Key Points

This study aims to determine morbidity patterns, short-term outcomes, and mortality determinants in hospitalized male and female medical patients in Nigeria.
Consecutively recruited patients from seven tertiary hospitals in Nigeria.
Obtained informed consent and ethics approval from research committees.
Followed up discharged patients for 12 weeks via phone calls.
705 patients were recruited over ten months; 44.7% were females.
Cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of admission (22.1%) and co-morbidity (21.3%).
All-cause mortality was higher in males (33.3%) than in females (24.8%).
The rehospitalisation rate was higher in females (26.4%) than in males (19.0%).
Age and cardiovascular disease significantly increased the risk of all-cause mortality.

Abstract

Background: In the MOHOPA (Pattern of Morbidities, Mortality and Healthcare Financing of Hospitalised Medical Patients) study, we aimed to determine the pattern of morbidities, short-term clinical outcomes, and determinants of all-cause mortality of male and female patients admitted to the medical wards of Nigerian tertiary-level hospitals. Methodology: Patients admitted to the medical and emergency wards of seven tertiary-level hospitals, spread across the 6 geopolitical zones of Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory, were consecutively recruited after obtaining written informed consent. The Research Ethics Committees of the study centres approved the study protocol, with the following reference numbers: Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano: NHREC/06/12/19/26, dated 21 October 2020; Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara: HREC/PAN/2023/006/0537, dated 19 April 2023;University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu: NHREC/05/01/2008B-FWA00002458-1RB00002323, dated 26 May 2023;University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri: IRB-FWA 00013572 UMTH/REC/23/1158, dated 9 August 2023;Federal Teaching Hospital, Lokoja: FTHL/HREC/Vol.I/2023/180, dated 6 July 2023;University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Abuja: UATH/HREC/PR/266, dated 20 July 2023;University of Ibadan p=0.013), while rehospitalisation rate was higher in females than males (19.0% versus 26.4%; p=0.025), respectively. The risk for all-cause mortality was significantly increased by CVD (hazard ratio: 1.55; 95% confidence intervals: 1.03-2.33) and increased age(hazard ratio: 1.03;95% confidence intervals: 1.02-1.03). Conclusion: CVD was the most common indication for admission in Nigeria’s referral hospitals. CVD was also the major co-morbidity and determinant of all-cause mortality.

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Cite This Study

Karaye et al. (Sat,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69d0af83659487ece0fa574d https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.71480/nmj.v66i5.1150

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