Abstract In the current field of physical chemistry, there is a lack of a unified theoretical framework for the underlying logic of chemical reaction triggering conditions. Existing studies focus solely on optimizing conditions or describing energy changes for individual reactions, failing to address the core issues of "selectivity of reactions to triggering methods", "diversity of triggering pathways", "necessity of composite conditions", and "correlation between bonding strength and triggering conditions". Based on the universal laws of all known chemical reactions, this paper constructs a unified theoretical system for chemical reaction triggering mechanisms through inductive reasoning — the Four Laws of Chemical Transformation (the Law of Uniqueness of Energy Level Matching, the Law of Diversity of Triggering Pathways, the Law of Necessity of Composite Triggering, and the Law of Bonding Strength Threshold). These four laws are progressive, self-consistent, and closed-loop, clarifying the core correlation between the internal energy level and structural matching requirements of chemical reactions, as well as between bonding strength and external triggering methods. They cover all chemical transformation scenarios, including inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, catalysis, electrochemistry, and photochemistry. This law system does not require new experimental verification; instead, it is summarized and refined solely based on existing chemical reaction facts. It breaks the "fragmentation" limitation of existing theories, fills the century-old theoretical gap in physical chemistry regarding "reaction triggering mechanisms", provides unified theoretical guidance for the selection and optimization of chemical reaction conditions and the design of new reaction pathways, and can be extended to interdisciplinary fields such as materials chemistry and biochemistry, thus holding significant theoretical value and practical application prospects.
Relike Zhou (Thu,) studied this question.