Layer-specific analysis of LV mechanics reveals that subepicardial twist is preserved in small STEMI but reduced in large infarctions and chronic ischaemic heart failure.
Subendocardial LV twist is reduced in patients with STEMI and chronic ischaemic HF whereas subepicardial LV twist is reduced only in chronic ischaemic HF. When STEMI are divided into large and small infarctions, it becomes evident that subepicardial LV twist is only reduced in large infarctions.
Bertini et al. (Mon,) studied this question.