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A new method for the direct, copper-catalyzed arylation of heterocycle C−H bonds by aryl halides has been developed. In addition to electron-rich five-membered heterocycles, electron-poor pyridine oxides can also be arylated. The best results are obtained by using a combination of lithium tert-butoxide base, aryl iodide coupling partner, and copper iodide catalyst.
Do et al. (Sat,) studied this question.