Development of two port multilayer MIMO fractal antenna for multiband applications

Abstract A Two Port Multilayer Multi Input Multi Output Fractal Antenna (TPMMIMOFA) for Multiband Applications is proposed in this paper. It comprised of two Koch Fractal Unit Element Antenna (KFUEA). HFSS is used to design and analyze proposed TPMMIMOFA. Proposed TPMMIMOFA has been designed on FR4 substrate having a size of 60 × 59.8 × 1.6 mm 3 . Later on, two layers of FR4 material as superstrate of size of 45 × 59.8 × 1 mm 3 are used to improve antenna’s bandwidth and gain. Proposed TPMMIMOFA is fabricated and tested in lab for the validation of its performance. Proposed TPMMIMOFA resonates at 2.85 (2.66–3.82 GHz), 4.75 (4.57–4.91 GHz), 6.3 (6.06–6.50 GHz), 7.81 GHz (7.53–8.08 GHz) and it has a fractional bandwidth of 40.7%, 7.16%, 6.98% and 7.04%. The proposed TPMMIMOFA exhibits excellent performance in terms of Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC) 9.8, Total Active Refection Coefficient (TARC) < −20 dB, Channel Capacity Loss (CCL) < 0.4 bits/s/Hz, and Isolation < −15 dB for all resonating bands. The proposed TPMMIMOFA resonates at 2.85, 4.75, 6.3, and 7.81 GHz, and has gain of 1.79, 2.66, 4.19, and 3.97 dBi respectively and radiation efficiency( η ) of 71%, 74%, 74%, and 78% respectively. Novelty lies in its simple design which provide isolation of more −15 dB at all operating bands without any additional use of isolation technique. The gain of the proposed TPMMIMOFA has been improved successfully with the help of multilayer structure. Proposed TPMMIMOFA is useful for various applications in S band and C band.