Do non-pharmacologic interventions of procedural education and psychological preparation reduce psychological distress in patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization?
Procedural education and psychological preparation are effective non-pharmacological strategies to reduce psychological distress in patients undergoing diagnostic cardiac catheterization.
Evidence is stronger in recent studies that non-pharmacologic interventions of procedural education and psychological preparation can reduce psychological distress in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. Further research is needed to define the various relaxation techniques that can be effectively implemented for patients undergoing cardiac catheterization.
Carroll et al. (Sat,) studied this question.