The continuous accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics in the human living environment and their deposition in various organs of the body have become a global public health concern with the widespread use of plastic products. This review summarizes the main categories of micro- and nanoplastics entering the body through dietary intake and air inhalation, based on human exposure pathways. By integrating existing literature data, this study estimated the daily intake and excretion of micro- and nanoplastics in humans based on published data, summarized evidence regarding their potential deposition patterns in blood cells and hematopoietic-related organs, mainly inferred from animal and in vitro studies, and discussed the possible impacts of such deposition on hematopoietic function. Furthermore, the toxicity effects and potential hazards of micro- and nanoplastics on the human hematopoietic system at both cellular and animal levels, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms, were comprehensively reviewed. From the dual perspectives of environmental governance and bodily protection, exploratory research ideas are proposed, including biodegradation strategies and the application of medicinal and edible homologous substances. This aims to provide insights for reducing the risk of hematopoietic system diseases and preventing harm caused by micro- and nanoplastics to the human body in the future.
Zhou et al. (Wed,) studied this question.