Beyond static paradigms: defect dynamic evolution and advanced applications in water electrolysis

Key Points

• This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of defect engineering in electrocatalysis and its applications in water electrolysis.
• Analyzed various classifications of defects in electrocatalysts.
• Discussed synthesis methods and dynamic evolution of defects in catalytic processes.
• Explored advanced applications and implications in water electrolysis.
• Identified key factors influencing catalytic activity through defect engineering.
• Demonstrated the potential for enhanced efficiency in water electrolysis via dynamic defect management.