The prevalence of nocturia and nocturnal polyuria in chronic venous insufficiency and varicose vein patients

Introduction: Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) and associated lower limb edema are common conditions that can contribute to nocturia and nocturnal polyuria (NP), adversely affecting patients’ quality of life and sleep. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and correlation of urinary symptoms, including daytime frequency, nocturia, and NP, among patients with CVI and their impact on sleep quality. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study involving 53 patients with CVI recruited from two tertiary hospitals between June 2023 and January 2024 was conducted. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, and urinary symptoms were assessed via standardized questionnaires, including the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between urinary symptoms and sleep quality. Results: The majority of participants were female (86.8%) and overweight (43.4%), with a median age of 46 years. The daytime urinary frequency ranged from 1 to 10 times per day, with a median bother scale of 3.64 (1.0–5.0). Nocturnal urination was reported by 50.9% of the participants, with 32.1% waking up twice and 18.9% waking up three times per night. No significant correlations were found between urinary symptoms and specific demographic factors. However, significant associations were observed between urinary symptoms and sleep disturbances, with higher ICIQ scores correlated with poorer sleep quality ( r = −0.290, p = 0.035) and increased bother scale indicating greater sleep impairment ( r = 0.570, p < 0.001). Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence and impact of urinary symptoms on sleep quality among patients with CVI. While no specific demographic correlations were identified, urinary symptoms were significantly associated with sleep disturbances, suggesting that targeted interventions may be beneficial to improve symptom management and enhance overall patient well-being in this population. Further research is warranted to explore effective treatment strategies tailored to the complex interplay between the CVI, urinary symptoms, and sleep quality. Level of evidence: Not applicable