What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Coronary artery disease (n=400). Intervention: Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (Turkish version). Primary outcome: Psychometric validation (validity and reliability).

What does this research mean for the field?

The Turkish version of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument, demonstrating a two-factor structure and acceptable internal consistency for assessing cardiac self-efficacy in coronary artery patients. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.METHODOLOGICAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

May 15, 2026Open Access

Turkish Validity and Reliability Study of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire

Key Result

The Turkish version of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire demonstrated a valid two-factor structure and acceptable internal consistency with an overall Cronbach's alpha of 0.88 among coronary artery patients.

Key Points

This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in the Turkish context.
Methodological research involving 400 hospitalized patients at Giresun University Training and Research Hospital.
Data collection using Patient Introductory Form and two established scales including the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.
Validity assessed through factor analysis techniques including the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure and Bartlett’s test.
Content validity index reached 1.00, demonstrating excellent content validity.
Exploratory factor analysis supported a two-factor solution explaining 53.55% of variance; also confirmed model fit with multiple fit indices.
Cronbach’s α values indicated acceptable internal consistency, achieving 0.88 overall, 0.86 for symptom control, and 0.76 for functionality maintenance.

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=400)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Population

400 patients hospitalized at the Cardiology Clinic of Giresun University Training and Research Hospital

Intervention

Turkish version of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire

Outcome

Validity and reliability of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnairepatient reported

The Turkish version of the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cardiac self-efficacy in the Turkish population.

Limitations

Conducted only on coronary artery patients, which limits validity and reliability for other cardiac conditions.
Conducted in a single hospital, limiting the generalizability of the results.
Test-retest procedure was conducted with only a 1-day interval due to short hospital stays.

Abstract

AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the “Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire” in Turkish. METHODS: This methodological research was conducted among 400 patients who were hospitalised at the Cardiology Clinic of Giresun University Training and Research Hospital between 25 March 2023 and 15 May 2024. The data were collected using the “Patient Introductory Form”, “Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire”, and “Chronic Diseases Self-Efficacy Scale”. RESULTS: The scale demonstrated excellent content validity, with a content validity index of 1.00. Construct validity was examined using factor analytic techniques. “The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure indicated adequate sampling adequacy 0.878, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was statistically significant (p < .001), confirming the appropriateness of the correlation matrix for factor analysis.” Exploratory factor analysis supported a two-factor solution control of symptoms and maintenance of functionality which collectively explained 53.55% of the total variance. The results indicated that the model provided a goodto- acceptable fit to the data, as evidenced by the following fit indices: χ2/df = 2.172, Goodness of Fit Index = 0.91, Adjusted Goodness Fit Index = 0.87, Comparative Fit Index = 0.95, Incremental Fit Index = 0.95, Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.93, Normed Fit İndex = 0.91, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.07. The reliability analysis indicated acceptable internal consistency, with Cronbach’s α values of 0.88 for the overall scale, 0.86 for the symptom control subscale, and 0.76 for the functionality maintenance subscale. CONCLUSION: The Cardiac Self-Efficacy Questionnaire can be considered a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cardiac self-efficacy in the Turkish population. Cite this article as: Bayram, S., & G.k Uğur, H. (2026). Turkish validity and reliability study of the cardiac self-efficacy questionnaire. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 34, 0346, doi:10.5152/FNJN.2026.25346.

Bookmark

View Full Paper