The judicial authority is unique in practicing the judicial function that is obtained in applying the law to the disputes that are referred to it, whether these disputes occurred between individuals and others, or between public authorities and individuals as a result of the first exercise of its function, and this activity came into contact with the rights and freedoms of individuals. And the Federal Supreme Court is unique in supervising the constitutionality of laws and regulations in force, as the constitutional judge exercises his wide discretionary power in that control, and the breadth of this discretionary power is due to the fact that the texts of the constitutions have a special nature that distinguishes them from the ordinary legal texts, and the Federal Court decides in these disputes by issuing rulings that have force the thing spent. These rulings have their own nature in terms of their absolute validity, effects, and time frame
ADNAN MAHDI (Sat,) studied this question.