measurements and satellite observations for model calibration. Simulation results indicate that targeted aeration, watershed nutrient reduction, and microbiome manipulation can reduce cumulative hypoxic stress by up to 43% over two decades, while increasing live coral cover by 28% relative to baseline projections. Sensitivity analyses reveal that model outcomes are particularly influenced by microbial acclimation rates and seasonal DO minima, highlighting the importance of fine-scale biogeochemical monitoring. Overall, the findings demonstrate the value of an adaptive, data-driven decision-support framework that integrates ecological processes, high-resolution environmental data, and management interventions, offering scalable guidance for hypoxia resilience planning in threatened coral reef systems.
T. et al. (Sun,) studied this question.