Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
The author acknowledges the considerable research assistance of R. Ernest Baumann and William T. Bielby in the preparation of this article and the critical comments of Howard Aldrich, J. Kenneth Benson, Jean de Kervasdou6, and William Starbuck on an earlier version. Much of this article was written while the author held a fellowship in the United StatesFrance Exchange of Scientists Program jointly administered by the National Science Foundation and the Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique. The support of the Centre de Recherche en Gestion at the Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, was instrumental in the completion of the manuscript.
John R. Kimberly (Wed,) studied this question.