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Environment plays an important role in shaping development from the newborn period through adolescence. Many individual environmental risk factors may impinge on development (poverty, mental illness, minority status, and many others), but the most detrimental effects are caused when multiple risk factors act on a single infant. These effects were revealed by the Rochester Longitudinal Study, an ongoing comprehensive investigation of environmental risk factors, summarized in this article.
Arnold J. Sameroff (Sun,) studied this question.