Deep learning image reconstruction algorithm: impact on image quality in coronary computed tomography angiography

PURPOSE: To perform a comprehensive intraindividual objective and subjective image quality evaluation of coronary CT angiography (CCTA) reconstructed with deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) and to assess correlation with routinely applied hybrid iterative reconstruction algorithm (ASiR-V). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients (29 males) undergoing clinically indicated CCTA from April to December 2021 were prospectively enrolled. Fourteen datasets were reconstructed for each patient: three DLIR strength levels (DLIRL, DLIRM, and DLIRH), ASiR-V from 10% to 100% in 10%-increment, and filtered back-projection (FBP). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) determined objective image quality. Subjective image quality was assessed with a 4-point Likert scale. Concordance between reconstruction algorithms was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: DLIR algorithm did not impact vascular attenuation (P ≥ 0. 374). DLIRH showed the lowest noise, comparable with ASiR-V 100% (P = 1) and significantly lower than other reconstructions (P ≤ 0. 021). DLIRH achieved the highest objective quality, with SNR and CNR comparable to ASiR-V 100% (P = 0. 139 and 0. 075, respectively). DLIRM obtained comparable objective image quality with ASiR-V 80% and 90% (P ≥ 0. 281), while achieved the highest subjective image quality (4, IQR: 4-4; P ≤ 0. 001). DLIR and ASiR-V datasets returned a very strong correlation in the assessment of CAD (r = 0. 874, P = 0. 001). CONCLUSION: DLIRM significantly improves CCTA image quality and has very strong correlation with routinely applied ASiR-V 50% dataset in the diagnosis of CAD.