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Standalone microgrids with renewable sources and battery storage play an important role in solving power supply problems in remote areas such as islands. To achieve reliable and economic operations of a standalone microgrid, in addition to the consideration of utilization of renewable resources, the lifetime characteristics of a battery energy storage system also need to be fully investigated. In this paper, in order to realize the economic operation of a recently developed standalone microgrid on Dongfushan Island in China, an optimization model including battery life loss cost, operation and maintenance cost, fuel cost, and environmental cost is established to obtain a set of optimal parameters of operation strategy. Considering the lifetime characteristics of lead-acid batteries, a multiobjective optimization to minimize power generation cost and to maximize the useful life of lead-acid batteries has been achieved via the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II). The results show that the proposed method can optimize the system operations under different scenarios and help users obtain the optimal operation schemes of the actual microgrid system.
Zhao et al. (Wed,) studied this question.