Organizational Innovativeness: Construct Development and Cross‐Cultural Validation

Organizational innovativeness ( OI ) is a central concept in academic research and managerial practice. In many cases, OI has been operationalized as the number of innovations organizations adopt. In contrast, this paper conceptualizes OI as a five‐dimensional construct (creativity, openness, future orientation, risk‐taking, and proactiveness) representing the organizational climate, which refers to the organization's ability to generate ideas and innovate continually over time. The findings support the conceptualization and operationalization of the five‐dimensional OI , validated in N orway, I srael, and S pain. These results shed new light on existing findings and can promote new research directions as well as guide strategic managerial decision‐making.