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This research aims to analyze the economic effects of a CO₂ tax introduction in Poland.

May 31, 20260 citationsOpen Access

Effects of Introducing a CO₂ Tax: The Case of Poland

RGRumiana GórskaSGH Warsaw School of Economics JMJacek Myga

Key Points

This research aims to analyze the economic effects of a CO₂ tax introduction in Poland.
CGE-based analysis to evaluate the tax effects
Consideration of two scenarios: tax on high-emission sectors and tax on all sectors
The introduction of a CO₂ tax is expected to reduce GDP by 1.63%
Fossil fuel-based industries like electricity and transport face the most adverse impacts
Low-emission industries could increase their output as a result of the tax

Abstract

Actions to reduce CO₂ emissions are one of the main priorities of the European Union’s climate policy. The paper presents a CGE-based analysis of the effects of introducing a CO₂ tax in Poland. Two scenarios are considered: in the first, the tax applies only to sectors with the highest emission intensity, while in the second it is extended to all sectors of the economy. The results indicate that industrial sectors based on fossil fuels - electricity, gas and heat production and supply (Section D) and transport (Section H) - are in the most adverse position, whereas low-emission industries have the potential to expand their output. Overall, the introduction of a CO₂ tax is expected to reduce GDP by 1.63%.

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