Tobacco black shank (TBS), caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora nicotianae , is a destructive soilborne disease that seriously threatens tobacco production worldwide. This review summarizes recent progress in the infection biology of P. nicotianae , the disturbance of rhizosphere microbial communities under disease pressure, and integrated strategies for disease management. Current evidence indicates that TBS development is not only associated with direct pathogen infection, but also with rhizosphere microecological imbalance, including the decline of beneficial microbes, enrichment of opportunistic pathogens, reduced microbial diversity, and weakened soil suppressiveness. These changes may further promote pathogen persistence and disease recurrence. Based on this understanding, effective management should combine crop rotation, biological control, rational chemical intervention, resistant cultivars, and reductive soil disinfestation to suppress pathogen pressure while restoring soil microbial balance. Future research should further integrate multi-omics analysis, microbiome-based regulation, and intelligent monitoring to support early warning and precision control. This review provides an integrated perspective on pathogen–host–soil microbiome interactions and offers a theoretical basis for sustainable management of tobacco black shank.
Wei et al. (Thu,) studied this question.