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By comparison of the accuracy and the merging R factor (Rmerge) of artificially created X-ray data sets, it is demonstrated that Rmerge is a poor predictor for the precision of X-ray data. The more often a given reflection is observed, the more precise the average intensity is, whereas Rmerge has a tendency to be higher at higher data redundancy.
Weiss et al. (1997) studied this question.