Background: Alpinia officinarum Hance (A. officinarum) roots are used as a treatment for various illnesses, including colds, stomachaches, inflammation, and discomfort.Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the anatomy, chemical compounds, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of A. officinarum roots essential oil (EO).Methods: First, the plant's anatomy was studied by the alum-green iodine staining 0method, followed by steam distillation to extract EOs.The determination of chemical compositions by Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS).The antioxidant activities were conducted by free radical resistance by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS (2,2-Azino-bis-3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid), and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power).The paper plate method was used to determine antimicrobial activity.Finally, the anti-denaturation of the Bovine serum albumin assay was measured for the anti-inflammatory properties of EO.Results: Anatomical results show that the EO of A. officinarum is distributed in the form of secretory sacs.By GC-MS, twenty-eight components were identified; the main compounds are Eucalyptol (24.57%), β-Bisabolene (9.72 %), and β-Sesquiphellandrene (5.95 %).The IC50 of FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH assays are 810.00µg/mL, 1343.71µg/mL, and 26953.21µg/mL, respectively.In addition, the EO exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with an IC50 of 2.55 mg/mL, compared to the standard Diclofenac (1.03 mg/mL).Additionally, the antimicrobial activity test demonstrated that the EO exhibited antimicrobial activity against various bacterial strains, including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Listeria innocua.Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that EOs can be utilized in the production of anti-inflammatory compounds and ferric-reducing additives. IntroductionWith 53 genera and 1300 species, the Zingiberaceae family, the Zingiberaceae family is considered the largest family in the Zingiberales family, including Zingiber, Alpinia, Curcuma,
Nguyen et al. (Mon,) studied this question.