High-flow-mediated constriction occurred in 67% of children and adolescents and was associated with significantly lower flow-mediated dilation compared to those without it (5.43% vs 8.05%, p<0.001).
Cross-Sectional (n=136)
Does the presence of high-flow-mediated constriction (H-FMC) affect flow-mediated dilation (FMD) measurements in children and adolescents?
High-flow-mediated constriction is present in approximately two-thirds of children and adolescents and is associated with significantly lower flow-mediated dilation measurements.
Absolute Event Rate: 5.43% vs 8.05%
p-value: p=<0.001
PURPOSE: When assessing vasomotor endothelial function by reactive hyperemia, the brachial artery, in some individuals, constricts immediately before beginning to dilate following cuff release. We call this response high-flow-mediated constriction (H-FMC). The aim of this study was to describe the rate of the H-FMC during reactive hyperemia in children and adolescents throughout a range of body mass index (BMI) values, and to investigate differences in flow-mediated dilation (FMD), cardiovascular, and anthropometric measures between subjects with and without H-FMC. METHODS: FMD was assessed in 136 children and adolescents (61 male, 75 female; 13 ± 3 years) by sonographic imaging of the brachial artery. H-FMC was characterized as the lowest point from the baseline brachial artery diameter immediately following reactive cuff release. Independent t tests were used to compare subjects with and without H-FMC. RESULTS: H-FMC was observed in 91 of the 136 participants (66.9%). No significant difference was found between H-FMC and non-H-FMC subjects for age (p = 0.602), gender (p = 0.767), height (p = 0.227), or weight (p = 0.171). BMI percentile was nonsignificantly higher (91.8 ± 4.9th versus 84.6 ± 22.8th percentile, p = 0.057) and FMD was significantly lower (5.43 ± 3.41% versus 8.05 ± 3.97%, p < 0.001) in H-FMC than in non-H-FMC subjects. Adding H-FMC to FMD produced no significant difference between H-FMC and non-H-FMC individuals (8.03 ± 3.27% versus 8.05 ± 3.97%, p = 0.977). CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 67% of participants demonstrated an H-FMC during reactive hyperemia. BMI percentile was nonsignificantly higher and FMD was significantly lower in children and adolescents who displayed this phenomenon.
Ostrem et al. (Fri,) conducted a cross-sectional in Normal weight, overweight, and obese children and adolescents (n=136). High-flow-mediated constriction (H-FMC) vs. Absence of H-FMC was evaluated on Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (p=<0.001). High-flow-mediated constriction occurred in 67% of children and adolescents and was associated with significantly lower flow-mediated dilation compared to those without it (5.43% vs 8.05%, p<0.001).