Size-dependent electrobending in piezoceramics mediated by gradient defect dipoles

Key Points

• This research aims to uncover the mechanical mechanisms behind electrobending in piezoceramics and its size-dependent effects.
• Investigated the electrobending behavior in varying sizes of piezoceramics with gradient defect dipoles.
• Analyzed the relationship between size, gradient defects, and mechanical response in electrobending.
• Conducted experiments to compare performance across different piezoceramic samples.
• The electrobending effect increased significantly with size variation, enhancing actuator output range.
• Observed a correlation between the density of gradient defect dipoles and the electrobending magnitude, indicating improved efficiency.
• Quantitative metrics showed that larger samples exhibited better mechanical performance.