Dipole Density Mapping of Atrial Fibrillation

An ElectroFunctional Procedure breaks down the Complexity   Non-contact, voltage-based surface electrograms underpin the electrocardiogram and when planning treatment strategies in complex arrhythmias, electrophysiologists rely on 2D and 3D displays of voltage-based, intracardiac electrograms. Whether derived through contact or non-contact, voltage-based signal analysis is fundamental to cardiology practice. At the physiological level, voltage is the measure of an electric field that includes both the local activation source and the sum of the surrounding activation sources. Accordingly, voltage-based mapping systems record the broad-and-smooth nature of voltage with the electrogram displaying a blended view of cardiac activity that may obscure the details of complex rhythm patterns. Dipole density mapping, as an alternative, represents only the local charge-sources on the interior surface of the chamber, resulting in a sharp-and-narrow delineation of cardiac activity ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1 The voltage signal represents the electrical field that includes both the local charge source plus the sum of the surrounding sources. The dipole density signal represents only the local charge sources. The AcQMap imaging and mapping system rapidly creates highly accurate ultrasound-based heart chamber reconstructions combined with high resolution maps of electrical conduction using dipole density instead of voltage.1,2. This novel technology utilizes non-contact sensors that enable a continuous global view of the conduction of each heartbeat and permits mapping of any cardiac arrhythmia. The diagnostic recording AcQMap catheter is deployed by the user into a spheroid-shape comprising six splines each populated with eight ultrasound transducers and eight engineered …