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Abstract Geomagnetic disturbances in polar regions can be decomposed into two main patterns: the Disturbance Polar (DP) 1 and 2. How their relative contribution reshapes global current system remains unclear. In this study, we classified substorms from 2010 to 2022 into weak and strong DP‐2 events based on the ratio of the eastward to westward auroral electrojets variations. Auroral electrojets, ring current, and field‐aligned currents (FACs) were analyzed via superposed epoch. The FAC enhancements after substorm onset are found primarily around midnight (dusk) for weak (strong) DP‐2 events. Furthermore, dawn‐dusk asymmetries in ring current variations and an additional duskside SME index peak indicate the potential formation of additional current wedges under strong DP‐2. These findings demonstrate that DP‐2 currents could reshape the current topology during substorms, which may lead to a change of global current topology with different DP‐1/2 relative contribution.
Ma et al. (Fri,) studied this question.
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