Objective. The aim of this scientific study was to summarize, systematize, and critically analyze contemporary scientific publications addressing the application of adaptive sport in physical rehabilitation programs for individuals with combined injuries. Particular attention was paid to evaluating its impact on physical functioning, psychoemotional state, and social adaptation of patients within the framework of the biopsychosocial model of rehabilitation. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted as a narrative review. Scientific publications from international and national electronic databases were analyzed, focusing on the use of adaptive sport or adaptive physical activity in the rehabilitation of individuals with combined traumatic injuries and complex functional impairments. The review included original research articles and review papers that assessed physical, functional, psychoemotional, and psychosocial rehabilitation outcomes. Methods of qualitative analysis, comparative evaluation, and theoretical synthesis of findings were applied. Results. Analysis of the scientific literature demonstrated that adaptive sport is considered an integrative component of comprehensive rehabilitation programs, capable of exerting a positive effect on the recovery of motor functions, the development of physical endurance and coordination, and the formation of motivation for long-term rehabilitation. Most publications reported reductions in psychoemotional tension, anxiety, and manifestations of maladaptation, as well as improvements in social interaction and subjective quality of life. At the same time, significant heterogeneity of methodological approaches, variability in the selection of effectiveness indicators, and a limited number of studies specifically focused on patients with combined injuries were identified. Conclusions. In contemporary scientific literature, adaptive sport is positioned as a promising multifactorial tool for the physical rehabilitation of individuals with combined injuries, integrating physiological, psychological, and social mechanisms of action. The results of the review support the feasibility of its integration into interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs, while simultaneously highlighting the need for further research using standardized methods for evaluating effectiveness.
Oliinyk et al. (Thu,) studied this question.