Leakages in water distribution systems cause economic and energy losses, reduced service quality, pressure drops, operational inefficiencies, and environmental problems. This study analyzes the criteria affecting physical loss management in drinking water distribution systems and their interrelationships using the DEMATEL method. The main objective is to determine the importance of main and sub-criteria in reducing physical water losses and to explore cause–effect relationships among them. Results show that the data measurement component is the most influential main criterion. Reliable data collection, hydraulic monitoring infrastructure, and technical capacity are essential for effective loss management. In information management systems, failure response time, minimum night flow analysis, and district metered area (DMA) management are key factors. In leakage detection and prevention, real-time monitoring systems and active leakage control practices are critical for reducing losses. Findings indicate that physical loss management requires more than technical interventions; it needs an integrated approach combining data management, monitoring technologies, and operational processes. The study concludes that water utilities should strengthen data-driven infrastructures, improve response times, and expand real-time monitoring systems. Overall, it provides a decision-support framework for sustainable water management and resource efficiency.
EREN et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
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