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Surface displacements and tilts due to buried deformation sources are influenced by topography. The leading‐order corrections due to topography of arbitrary profile, but small slope, are determined for dip‐slip faults (edge dislocations) and magma bodies (lines of inflation) in a two‐dimensional elastic medium. The vertical displacement correction is simply the product of the topography and the horizontal normal strain due to the source in a flat half‐space. The correction for a normal fault beneath an idealized basin‐and‐range topography is a slight increase in the uplift on the range side. The effect of topography for a line of inflation beneath a symmetric volcano is to reduce the central uplift. Failure to account for topographic influences can bias estimates of source depth and geometry.
McTigue et al. (Wed,) studied this question.