ABSTRACT This study utilizes non‐destructive techniques, including X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) and X‐ray imaging, to analyze and compare four sacred wooden sculptures of Our Lady of Conception, crafted during the 18th and 19th centuries. The primary aim is to assess their overall condition, construction methods, and materials, including the pigments employed in their creation. XRF analysis detected elements that allowed the inference of pigments used across all sculptures, uncovering variations in elemental composition and intensity. These findings offer new perspectives on the artists' palettes, historical contexts, and potential origins of the pieces. X‐ray imaging, including computed microtomography, uncovered intricate manufacturing details, such as wood cracks, nails, restored sections, and variations in eye construction techniques. The integration of XRF and imaging results offered a comprehensive understanding of these sculptures, highlighting both their shared iconographic themes and distinct craftsmanship. These results not only advance the understanding of Baroque artistic practices but also provide a framework for future preservation efforts of similar artifacts.
Borges et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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