Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence continues to increase in rural areas, which is of particular concern due to limited access to health services in these areas. Purpose: To identify various risk factors for the incidence of type 2 DM in rural areas for the development of effective prevention programs. Method: Systematic review is based on PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted in Scopus, Science Direct, and SINTA for 2020-2025 articles. Data were extracted and analyzed narratively based on the type of risk factors that were found. Results: Out of 856 articles, 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. Dominant risk factors identified included obesity (OR range 2.15-3.05), family history of DM (OR range 2.13-4.46), and low physical activity (OR range 2.94-7.43). Additional risk factors include hypertension, unhealthy food environment, and unhealthy diet. Several studies reported an increased incidence of type 2 DM in younger populations in rural areas. Conclusion: Obesity, family history of DM, and low physical activity are the dominant risk factors for type 2 DM in rural areas. These factors are important targets for health policy interventions, especially given the increasing incidence in younger populations in rural areas.
Sari et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: