In response to the increasing digitalization that permeates social and organizational processes, this study proposes to investigate the challenges and strategies inherent to cybersecurity in a global context increasingly vulnerable to digital risks. The central objective is to analyze contemporary cyber threats, with particular emphasis on the vulnerability of critical infrastructures and the effectiveness of mitigation practices implemented by organizations in both the public and private sectors. To achieve this objective, the methodology adopted consisted of a comprehensive review of the existing literature, through which scientific articles, relevant institutional reports, and specialized technical documents, published in the period between 2018 and 2024, were examined. Thorough analysis of these materials revealed a significant increase in not only the frequency of cyberattacks, but also their sophistication, driven largely by the rise of organized cybercrime and the spread of the practice of "Cybercrime-as-a-Service." The main conclusion of the study points to the urgent need for an integrated and holistic approach to cybersecurity, which combines solid and transparent governance, an organizational culture intrinsically focused on information security, the strategic use of advanced technologies, such as SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) and SOCs (Security Operations Centers), and strict compliance with relevant standards and legislation, such as the General Data Protection Law (LGPD). The study emphasizes that only with the adoption of this systemic and comprehensive vision will it be possible to ensure the resilience and sustainability of organizations in an increasingly challenging digital environment prone to cyberattacks.
Paiva et al. (Fri,) studied this question.