The construction sector is often characterized by high risks related to employee safety, with a significant prevalence of severe injuries, work-related ailments, and fatalities. According to a 2019 report by the Indian Express, 38 workers die daily in the Indian construction industry due to workplace incidents. However, the last few years have perceived substantial advancements in the field of construction safety management in India, driven by an increased emphasis on worker safety and regulatory compliance. This paper provides an overview of these advancements, focusing on key initiatives, technological innovations, and regulatory changes aimed at enhancing safety standards. Major advancements include accepting new technologies like Building Information Modelling (BIM), real-time monitoring systems, and mobile applications for safety inspections and reporting. AR and VR have revolutionized construction management by enabling immersive applications to visualise complex scenarios, enhance risk-prevention knowledge, and provide safe training environments. These technologies help construction companies identify and mitigate safety hazards more effectively. Stricter safety regulations and enforcement measures by government agencies also play a crucial role. These regulations mandate the usage of PPE, safety training programs, and safety audits. Establishing safety committees and implementing safety management systems have further improved safety practices on construction sites. Industry-wide initiatives such as safety awareness campaigns, skill development programs, and collaboration between industry stakeholders and government bodies have promoted a safety philosophy in the construction industry. Despite these advancements, challenges such as lack of awareness, inadequate enforcement, and resistance to change remain obstacles that need to be addressed to further improve construction safety management practices 44in India. Overall, the paper offers a comprehensive review of recent advances in construction safety management in India, focusing on virtual and augmented reality applications.
Kale et al. (Fri,) studied this question.