Einstein’s equation E = mc² is one of the most celebrated results of physics, establishing a profound equivalence between mass and energy. However, this relation assumes pre-existing space-time, a fixed causal order, and an inertial frame — conditions that may not hold in extreme regimes such as the early universe, near black holes, or at the Planck scale. The Timeless Energy Principle (TEP) provides a generalized framework in which energy is primary and timeless, while space-time, mass, and causality emerge as secondary structures through DE coherence processes.
K. L. Verma (Sat,) studied this question.