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This is a Literature Review study.

August 25, 2025

Features of the Monetary System the Russian State of the Early 16th Century (As Described by C. Herberstein)

Key Points

The analysis reveals the complexity of the monetary system in early 16th-century Russia, capturing its key features and challenges.
Types of silver coins and their value ratios were critically examined, providing historical insights into the economic practices of the era.
Comparison with historical and numismatic sources offers a rich understanding of regional coinage variability in Moscow, Novgorod, Tver, and Pskov.
Contextual exploration of foreign gold coins shows their influence on the domestic monetary practices of the Russian state.

Abstract

The article examines the features of the monetary system of the Russian state at the beginning of the XVI century. Based on the description given by the Austrian diplomat Sigismund Herberstein in his work «Notes on Muscovy». Special attention is paid to the types of silver coins, as well as the value ratio between them. The paper analyzes the external differences between the coins of the Moscow, Novgorod, Tver and Pskov coinage, as well as their differences in weight and value. The issue of using foreign gold coins is being considered separately. The research conducted in the article is based on a comparison of the text of the «Notes on Muscovy» with historical and numismatic sources and allows us to trace the main characteristics and problems of the pre- reform monetary system of the Russian state.

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Cite This Study

Bulavkin et al. (Mon,) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68af5d6fad7bf08b1eae105e https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48137/23116412_2025_3_85

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